Validating is saying something as simple as “I can understand that”, “That makes sense to me”, “I get it”, or “Good point!” It’s a simple statement that lets your partner know that their experience makes sense for them and is acceptable to you, even if you don’t see or experience it the same way.
Empathizing takes it a level deeper, where you’re trying to use your heart to feel what your partner is feeling. I will often tell my clients to “listen to the words your partner is using to tell you what they’re feeling. Read between the lines, drawing on what you know about them from prior conversations and your history together.